| Title | Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design of Split-Radix Discrete Galois Transformation for KyberKEM |
| Creator | |
| Date Issued | 2023-10-01 |
| Source Publication | IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing
 |
| Volume | 11Issue:4Pages:824-838 |
| Abstract | KyberKEM is one of the final round key encapsulation mechanisms in the NIST post-quantum cryptography competition. Number theoretic transform (NTT), as the computing bottleneck of KyberKEM, has been widely studied. Discrete Galois Transformation (DGT) is a variant of NTT that reduces transform length into half but requires more multiplication operations than the latest NTT algorithm in theoretical analysis. This paper proposes the split-radix DGT, a novel DGT variant utilizing the split-radix method, to reduce the computing complexity without compromising the transform length. Specifically, for length-128 polynomial, the split-radix DGT algorithm saves at least 10% multiplication operations compared with the latest NTT algorithm in theoretical analysis. Furthermore, we proposed a unified split-radix DGT processor with the dedicated stream permutation network for KyberKEM and implemented it on the Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA. The processor achieves at least 49.4% faster transformation and 65.3% faster component-wise multiplication, with at most 87% and 32% LUT-NTT area-Time product and LUT-CWM area-Time product, compared with the state-of-The-Art polynomial multipliers in KyberKEM with the same BFU setting on similar platforms. Lastly, we designed a highly efficient KyberKEM architecture using the proposed split-radix DGT processor. The implementation results on Artix-7 FPGA show significant performance improvements over the state-of-The-Art KyberKEM designs. |
| Keyword | Discrete galois transform FPGA hardware key encapsulation mechanism negative wrapped convolution post-quantum cryptography split-radix |
| DOI | 10.1109/TETC.2023.3270971 |
| URL | View source |
| Language | 英语English |
| Scopus ID | 2-s2.0-85159662321 |
| Citation statistics | |
| Document Type | Journal article |
| Identifier | http://repository.uic.edu.cn/handle/39GCC9TT/11566 |
| Collection | Beijing Normal-Hong Kong Baptist University |
| Corresponding Author | Chen，Donglong |
| Affiliation | 1.City University of Hong Kong,Department of Electrical Engineering,Kowloon Tong,Hong Kong 2.BNU-HKBU United International College,Faculty of Science and Technology,Guangdong,Zhuhai,519088,China 3.Zhejiang Lab,Zhejiang,Hangzhou,311121,China |
| Corresponding Author Affilication | Faculty of Science and Technology |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Li，Guangyan,Chen，Donglong,Mao，Gaoyuet al. Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design of Split-Radix Discrete Galois Transformation for KyberKEM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, 2023, 11(4): 824-838. |
| APA | Li，Guangyan, Chen，Donglong, Mao，Gaoyu, Dai，Wangchen, Sanka，Abdurrashid Ibrahim, & Cheung，Ray C.C. (2023). Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design of Split-Radix Discrete Galois Transformation for KyberKEM. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, 11(4), 824-838. |
| MLA | Li，Guangyan,et al."Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design of Split-Radix Discrete Galois Transformation for KyberKEM". IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing 11.4(2023): 824-838. |
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