Details of Research Outputs

The historical invention of the welfare state, or any welfare state system for that matter, was and is an attempt to hold against and cope with societal entropy. Social science has to deal with an immense amount of, ever-increasing and ever more complex, context. The machinery of comparative social policy is yet highly concentrated on Western Europe, plus Anglo-Saxon countries, plus Japan, for the most part. Comparative social policy suffers from a relative lack of theory formation and development as social policy in general. Aristotle may have well been the first normative comparative social scientist. Right next to Belgium, in France, one could learn from the Contribution Sociale Generalisee, which is a general social security tax on all forms of income. The Open Method of Coordination serve as a great model for social policy implementation across the board, in also larger, and/or federally organized, countries, e.g., Russia, China, Canada, United States, Australia, India, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, and so forth.